Gamma Ray Spectrometer¶
Part of internship at the Supreme Council for Environment¶
Introduction¶
There are two types of radiation.
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1- Nonionizing Radiation which is visible light, infrared, microwave, and radio wave. This category of radiation doesn’t have a sufficient amount of energy to ionize atoms. nonionizing radiation is used everywhere. Our eyes are sensitive to nonionizing radiation which is visible light, in the sun spectra the majority of the radiation is nonionizing radiation. It is also found in the telecommunication towers such as 3g,4g, and 5g.
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2- Ionizing Radiation It’s harmful radiation because it ionizes the atom. And, there is two type of them particle beams and EM waves as follow:
- Particle beams
- Charged particle
- Alpha particle (Helium nuclei ejected from a nucleus)
- Beta particle (electron ejected from a nucleus, electron beams, positron beams)
- fission fragments
- uncharged particle
- neutrino and neutron beams
- EM waves
- X-rays
- Gamma-rays (emitted from a nucleus)
But what Ionization means? In atomic physics theory, the electrons negative charge is bounded to the positively charged nucleus by potential energy. When the photon energy is equivalent to or more than the potential energy that bounds the electron with the nucleus, there will be an ionization event. but when the photon has no sufficient energy there will be no ionization event.