7. Input & Output device¶
This week I worked on defining my final project idea and started to getting used to the documentation process.
This week, the goal was to work with an I/O (input/output) device and program it to perform a specific task, such as turning on a fan and controlling its speed. Additionally, you continued progressing on the gas lake sensor project, which involved setting up various connections, including a screen and a buzzer.
For more information about the project, visit Faisal Fathi
Operating the Fan:
We reiterate that the microcontroller board will be connected using the same previous steps. Afterward, we will proceed to program the fan.
When the Run code:
Following the execution of the code:
// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
import machine
import time
# Define the pin for the buzzer
buzzer_pin = machine.Pin(26, machine.Pin.OUT)
buzzer_pwm = machine.PWM(buzzer_pin)
def play_tone(frequency, duration):
buzzer_pwm.freq(frequency)
buzzer_pwm.duty(512) # Set duty cycle to 50% for square wave
time.sleep(duration)
buzzer_pwm.duty(0) # Turn off buzzer
# Example sound effects inspired by Mario game sounds
def play_mario_jump():
# Simulate a jump sound
tones = [
(523, 0.5), # C5 note, short duration
(659, 0.5), # E5 note, short duration
(784, 0.1) # G5 note, longer duration
]
for frequency, duration in tones:
play_tone(frequency, duration)
time.sleep(0.5) # Short pause between notes
def play_mario_coin():
# Simulate a coin sound
tones = [
(1046, 0.5), # C6 note, short duration
(1318, 0.5) # E6 note, short duration
]
for frequency, duration in tones:
play_tone(frequency, duration)
time.sleep(0.5) # Short pause between notes
def play_mario_powerup():
# Simulate a power-up sound
tones = [
(659, 0.1), # E5 note
(784, 0.1), # G5 note
(988, 0.1), # B5 note
(1318, 0.1) # E6 note
]
for frequency, duration in tones:
play_tone(frequency, duration)
time.sleep(0.5) # Short pause between notes
# Play the sound effects
play_mario_jump()
time.sleep(1) # Wait 1 second between sounds
play_mario_coin()
time.sleep(1)
play_mario_powerup()
Turn 4 LED in one pin: We reiterate that the microcontroller board will be connected using the same steps as in previous steps. Afterward, we will proceed to the program.
When the Run code:
Following the execution of the code:
import machine
import neopixel
import time
# Define the pin number and number of LEDs
LED_PIN = 18
NUM_LEDS = 4 # Change this to the number of LEDs in your strip
# Initialize the NeoPixel object
np = neopixel.NeoPixel(machine.Pin(LED_PIN), NUM_LEDS)
# Function to set the color of all LEDs
def set_color(r, g, b):
for i in range(NUM_LEDS):
np[i] = (r, g, b)
np.write()
# Function to turn off all LEDs
def turn_off():
set_color(0, 0, 0)
# Example: Cycle through different colors
def cycle_colors():
colors = [
(169, 44, 33), # Red
(0, 255, 90), # Green
(0, 0, 255), # Blue
(255, 255, 0), # Yellow
(0, 255, 255), # Cyan
(255, 0, 255), # Magenta
(255, 255, 255) # White
]
for color in colors:
set_color(*color)
time.sleep(3) # Wait second between color changes
turn_off()
time.sleep(1) # Short pause between colors
# Run the color cycle
cycle_colors()
Code Example¶
Use the three backticks to separate code.
// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
// initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
delay(1000); // wait for a second
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
delay(1000); // wait for a second
}
learn outcome¶
We gained valuable insights into the inputs and outputs of the microcontroller. Additionally, we researched how to control the movement of fans and lights through programming, understanding that any component can be programmed with specific parameters. For instance, as mechanical engineering students, we can design a motor to pump water into a tank, which can be effectively managed through microcontroller programming. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of inputs and outputs equips students with the creativity to develop high-quality control units. This knowledge enables them to leverage the specifications of devices or components effectively, allowing for innovative applications across various fields.